Skip to main content

Questions and Answers about Multiviews of drawings - Day 8

Also Read


Q1: How do you use the OFFSET command to establish an offset distance by selecting a reference object?
Ans: After activating the OFFSET command, select the reference object, and then specify the distance by either typing a value or selecting a point.

Q2: What is the advantage of using the Erase option in the OFFSET command?
Ans: The Erase option allows you to remove the original offset object after creating the offset copy, helping to clean up the drawing and reduce clutter.

Q3: To draw a single point in AutoCAD, what command can you use?
Ans: The POINT command is used to draw a single point in AutoCAD. Simply type "POINT" in the command line, specify the coordinates, and press Enter.

Q4: How do you draw multiple points in AutoCAD?
Ans: To draw multiple points, you can use commands like COPY or ARRAY to duplicate the point at desired locations or use scripts or programming languages like AutoLISP for automated placement.

Q5: How can you access the Point Style dialog box in AutoCAD?
Ans: You can access the Point Style dialog box by typing "DDPTYPE" in the command line, clicking on the "Point Style" button in the Ribbon, or right-clicking and selecting "Point Style" from the contextual menu.

Q6: If points created by the DIVIDE command are not visible, what can you do?
Ans: Check the layer visibility, adjust the point style or size, zoom in on the drawing area, or regenerate the drawing using the REGEN command to make the points visible.

Q7: How can you change the point size in the Point Style dialog box?
Ans: In the Point Style dialog box, you can enter a desired value or use the slider to adjust the point size, previewing the changes before clicking "OK" to apply them.

Q8: What command can you use to place point objects marking equal segments on a line?
Ans: The DIVIDE command can be used to place point objects that mark equal segments on a line.

Q9: What is the difference between the DIVIDE and MEASURE commands in AutoCAD?
Ans: The DIVIDE command divides objects into equal segments and places points, while the MEASURE command measures distances and angles between points or objects.

Q10: Why is it recommended to put construction lines on their own layer?
Ans: Putting construction lines on their own layer allows for better organization, control over visibility, and differentiation from other drawing elements, simplifying management and reducing clutter.

Q11: Name the option that allows you to bisect an angle with a construction line?
Ans: The option that allows you to bisect an angle with a construction line is the "Bisect" option.

Q12: What is the difference between the construction lines drawn with the command RAY?
Ans: The difference between construction lines drawn with the Infinite Lines command and rays drawn with the RAY command is that construction lines extend infinitely in both directions, while rays extend infinitely in one direction from a specific point.

Q13: Name the six 2D views possible in orthographic projection?
Ans: The six 2D views in orthographic projection are the front view, top view, right-side view, left-side view, bottom view, and rear view.

Q14: Provide at least four guidelines for selecting the front view of an orthographic multiview drawing?
Ans: Guidelines for selecting the front view of an orthographic multiview drawing include choosing the view that best represents the primary features, displays the object's true shape, minimizes hidden lines, and aligns with standard conventions.

Q15: How do you determine how many views of an object are necessary in a multiview drawing?
Ans: The number of views required in a multiview drawing depends on the complexity of the object. Generally, a minimum of two views (front and one side) is needed, but additional views may be necessary to fully describe the object's form and features.

Q16: When can you describe a part with only one view?
Ans: A part can be described with only one view when it possesses bilateral symmetry, meaning it is the same on both sides and can be fully represented from a single viewpoint.

Q17: When does a drawing require an auxiliary view?
Ans: A drawing requires an auxiliary view when a surface or feature is inclined or non-parallel to the primary views, requiring an additional view to accurately represent its true shape.

Q18: What is a removed view?
Ans: A removed view is a separate view drawn adjacent to the primary views, showing an enlarged or detailed section of the object that cannot be adequately shown in the primary views.

Q19: What is the angle of projection from the inclined surface to the auxiliary view?
Ans: The angle of projection from the inclined surface to the auxiliary view is equal to the angle of inclination of the surface itself.

Q20: Describe an effective method of constructing an auxiliary view even if you do not know the angle of the inclined surface?
Ans: An effective method for constructing an auxiliary view without knowing the angle of the inclined surface is to use the "Revolved Section" technique. This involves creating a section cut through the object and rotating it to align with the inclined surface, providing an accurate representation of the auxiliary view.

Q1: What are construction tools in AutoCAD?
Ans: Construction tools in AutoCAD are specialized commands and features that aid in the creation of accurate geometric constructions, such as lines, angles, circles, arcs, and polygons.

Q2: How can construction tools be used in technical drawings?
Ans: Construction tools are essential for creating precise and consistent geometric shapes in technical drawings. They help ensure accuracy in measurements, angles, and shapes.

Q3: What are some commonly used construction tools in AutoCAD?
Ans: Some commonly used construction tools in AutoCAD include the LINE command, the CIRCLE command, the ARC command, the POLYGON command, and the DIMENSION command.

Q4: How can you use construction tools to create parallel lines or angles in AutoCAD?
Ans: To create parallel lines or angles in AutoCAD, you can use the OFFSET command to create parallel lines at a specified distance, or you can use the ANGULAR command to create angles of a specific value.

Q5: What is the purpose of construction lines in AutoCAD?
Ans: Construction lines are temporary lines used as references for accurate placement of objects or constructions. They are not part of the final drawing and are used solely for assisting in the creation of other elements.

Q6: How can you use the Offset command in AutoCAD?
Ans: The Offset command allows you to create parallel lines or offset curves at a specified distance from existing objects.

Q7: What is the purpose of the Point Style command in AutoCAD?
Ans: The Point Style command allows you to customize the appearance of point objects, such as their size, shape, and color.

Q8: How can you divide an object into equal segments using the Divide command in AutoCAD?
Ans: The Divide command allows you to divide a selected object into equal segments by specifying the number of segments or the distance between them.

Q9: How can you measure distances between objects in AutoCAD?
Ans: You can use the Measure command to measure distances between two points or along an object in AutoCAD.

Q10: What is the purpose of the Ray command in AutoCAD?
Ans: The Ray command allows you to draw an infinite line from a specified point in a specific direction.

Q11: How can you create construction lines in AutoCAD?
Ans: Construction lines can be created using the LINE command by specifying a starting point and a direction or angle for the line.

Q12: What are the uses of construction lines in AutoCAD?
Ans: Construction lines are used as temporary reference lines for aligning objects, creating geometric constructions, or establishing boundaries.

Q13: How can you remove a view from a drawing in AutoCAD?
Ans: To remove a view from a drawing, you can use the ERASE command to delete the view object.

Q14: What is an auxiliary view in AutoCAD?
Ans: An auxiliary view is a projection view that shows the true shape and size of inclined or oblique surfaces in a drawing.

Q15: How can you create an auxiliary view in AutoCAD?
Ans: To create an auxiliary view, you can use the VIEW command and specify the desired orientation and alignment of the auxiliary view.

Q16: What are orthographic projections in AutoCAD?
Ans: Orthographic projections are two-dimensional views (top, front, side) that represent a three-dimensional object accurately.

Q17: What is the effective method to construct an auxiliary view in AutoCAD?
Ans: The effective method to construct an auxiliary view is to project the inclined or oblique surface onto a plane of projection using projection lines.

Q18: What is the angle of projection in AutoCAD?
Ans: The angle of projection refers to the angle at which the orthographic views are projected from the object.

Q19: How can you change the angle of projection in AutoCAD?
Ans: The angle of projection can be changed by adjusting the UCS (User Coordinate System) in AutoCAD.

Q20: What are the construction tools available in AutoCAD?
Ans: Construction tools in AutoCAD include Line, Circle, Arc, Rectangle, Polygon, and more, which are used to create basic geometry and assist in drafting.

Q21: How can you create a multiview drawing in AutoCAD?
Ans: To create a multiview drawing, you can use the Layout or Paper Space feature in AutoCAD, where you can create multiple viewports and arrange different views of the object.

Q22: What is an oblique angle in drafting?
Ans: An oblique angle is an angle that is not 90 degrees (right angle) or 180 degrees (straight angle). It is any angle that falls between 0 and 180 degrees.

Q23: How are oblique angles measured and represented in technical drawings?
Ans: Oblique angles are measured using a protractor or drafting tools, and they are represented in technical drawings using angular notations or symbols.

Q24: What are the common applications of oblique angles in drafting?
Ans: Oblique angles are used in drafting for representing inclined surfaces, inclined cuts or chamfers, and for determining the orientation of features in relation to other elements.

Q25: What is an isometric view in technical drawing?
Ans: An isometric view is a three-dimensional representation of an object in which all three axes (x, y, and z) are shown equally foreshortened at 120-degree angles from each other.

Q26: How is an isometric view different from an orthographic view?
Ans: An isometric view shows an object as it appears in three dimensions with equal foreshortening on all axes, while an orthographic view shows the object from different directions without any foreshortening.

Q27: What are the advantages of using isometric views in technical drawings?
Ans: Isometric views provide a more realistic representation of an object compared to orthographic views. They allow for better visualization and understanding of the spatial relationships between different features.

Q28: What are orthographic views in technical drawing?
Ans: Orthographic views are two-dimensional representations of an object that show the object from different directions, such as top, front, and side, without any perspective distortion.

Q29: How are orthographic views used in technical drawings?
Ans: Orthographic views are used to accurately represent the shape, size, and details of an object. They provide essential information for manufacturing, construction, and other applications.

Q30: What are the primary orthographic views used in technical drawings?
Ans: The primary orthographic views used in technical drawings are the top view (plan view), front view, and side view. These views collectively provide a complete representation of the object in three dimensions.

Q31: How can you customize the point style in AutoCAD?
Ans: You can customize the point style in AutoCAD by using the PDMODE and PDSIZE system variables to set the appearance and size of point objects.

Q32: How can you divide an object into equal segments using the Divide command in AutoCAD?
Ans: To divide an object into equal segments, use the Divide command, select the object, specify the number of segments or the distance between them, and AutoCAD will place points at the division points.

Q33: How can you measure distances between objects using the Measure command in AutoCAD?
Ans: With the Measure command, you can select two points or objects, and AutoCAD will display the distance between them in the desired units.

Q34: How can you draw a ray in AutoCAD?
Ans: To draw a ray, use the Ray command, specify the starting point, and then select a direction or point to define the infinite line.

Q35: What are construction lines used for in AutoCAD?
Ans: Construction lines are used as temporary guidelines to assist in the accurate placement and alignment of objects in a drawing.

Q36: How can you create an auxiliary view in AutoCAD?
Ans: To create an auxiliary view, you need to project the inclined or oblique surface onto a new plane using projection lines. Then, you can create the auxiliary view based on the projected geometry.

Q37: What are auxiliary views used for in drafting?
Ans: Auxiliary views are used to represent the true shape and size of inclined or oblique surfaces that cannot be fully displayed in the standard orthographic views.

Q38: What are orthographic projections used for in AutoCAD?
Ans: Orthographic projections are used to accurately represent a three-dimensional object on a two-dimensional drawing by showing multiple views from different directions.

Q39: How can you create an effective auxiliary view in AutoCAD?
Ans: To create an effective auxiliary view, you need to project the inclined or oblique surface onto a plane of projection using projection lines. This ensures that the true shape and size of the surface are accurately represented.

Q40: What is the angle of projection, and how does it affect the orthographic views?
Ans: The angle of projection is the angle at which the orthographic views are projected from the object. It determines the orientation and alignment of the views in relation to the object.

Q41: How can you construct an auxiliary view with precision in AutoCAD?
Ans: To construct an auxiliary view with precision, you need to use projection lines and reference points to accurately project and align the inclined or oblique surface in the auxiliary view.

Q42: What is the significance of the angle of projections in orthographic drawings?
Ans: The angle of projections in orthographic drawings determines the orientation and alignment of the views, allowing for accurate representation and measurement of the object's features.

Q43: How can you control the display of construction lines in AutoCAD?
Ans: You can control the display of construction lines by assigning them to a specific layer and controlling the visibility and properties of that layer.

Q44: How can you create an effective construction line in AutoCAD?
Ans: To create an effective construction line, start by defining the reference points or endpoints, and then use drawing aids like Ortho or Polar tracking to ensure accurate alignment and positioning.

Q45: What are removed views in AutoCAD?
Ans: Removed views are views that have been deleted or removed from a drawing or layout. They are no longer visible or part of the drawing.

Q46: How can you create an auxiliary view in AutoCAD using projection lines?
Ans: To create an auxiliary view using projection lines, you need to project the inclined or oblique surface onto a plane ofprojection by extending lines from specific points on the object perpendicular to the viewing plane.

Q47: How can you create an auxiliary view in AutoCAD using the Projection command?
Ans: To create an auxiliary view using the Projection command, select the inclined or oblique surface, specify the plane of projection, and AutoCAD will generate the auxiliary view based on the projected geometry.

Q48: What is the purpose of orthographic projections in AutoCAD?
Ans: Orthographic projections in AutoCAD are used to represent a three-dimensional object in a two-dimensional drawing by showing multiple views from different directions, such as top, front, and side views.

Q49: What is the most effective method to construct an auxiliary view in AutoCAD?
Ans: The most effective method to construct an auxiliary view in AutoCAD is to use projection lines to project the inclined or oblique surface onto a new plane, ensuring that the true shape and size are accurately represented.

Q50: How can you determine the angle of projection in AutoCAD?
Ans: The angle of projection in AutoCAD can be determined by the orientation and alignment of the orthographic views with respect to the object. It represents the angle at which the views are projected from the object.

Q51: How can you adjust the angle of projection in AutoCAD?
Ans: The angle of projection can be adjusted by rotating the UCS (User Coordinate System) in AutoCAD. This changes the orientation of the drawing plane and affects the angle at which the views are projected.

Q52: What are the available construction tools in AutoCAD for creating geometric shapes?
Ans: AutoCAD provides a range of construction tools, including the Line, Circle, Arc, Rectangle, Polygon, and Ellipse commands, which can be used to create various geometric shapes and objects.

Q53: How can you use the Offset command to create parallel lines or curves in AutoCAD?
Ans: To create parallel lines or curves using the Offset command, select the object to be offset, specify the distance or offset value, and choose the side or direction for the offset.

Q54: What is the purpose of the Point Style command in AutoCAD, and how can it be customized?
Ans: The Point Style command in AutoCAD allows you to control the appearance of point objects. It can be customized by adjusting parameters such as size, shape, and color to meet specific drafting requirements.

Q55: How can you divide a line or curve into equal segments using the Divide command in AutoCAD?
Ans: To divide a line or curve into equal segments, select the object, specify the number of segments or the distance between them, and AutoCAD will automatically place points at the division points.

Q56: How can you measure distances between objects using the Measure command in AutoCAD?
Ans: With the Measure command, select two points or objects, and AutoCAD will display the distance between them in the desired units.

Q57: What is the purpose of the Ray command in AutoCAD, and how can it be used?
Ans: The Ray command in AutoCAD allows you to draw an infinite line that starts from a specified point and extends indefinitely in a specific direction. It is commonly used for construction purposes or as a reference line.

Q58: What are the uses of construction lines in AutoCAD, and how can they be created?
Ans: Construction lines in AutoCAD are temporary reference lines used for alignment, dimensioning, or creating accurate geometry. They can be created using the Line command by specifying specific points or angles.

Q59: How can you create and manage named views in AutoCAD?
Ans: To create a named view in AutoCAD, use the VIEW command and specify the desired orientation, scale, and perspective. To manage named views, use the View Manager or Viewport controls to modify or delete existing views.

Q60: What is the purpose of the Layout feature in AutoCAD, and how can you use it for creating multiple viewports?
Ans: The Layout feature in AutoCAD allows you to create multiple viewports within a single drawing file. It is commonly used for creating printable sheets or presentations with different views of the model.

Q61: How can you print a drawing in AutoCAD?
Ans: To print a drawing in AutoCAD, use the PLOT command. Specify the desired plotter or printer, set the necessary plot settings such as paper size and scale, and generate a printed copy of the drawing.

Q62: How can you plot a drawing in AutoCAD?
Ans: To plot a drawing in AutoCAD, use the PLOT command to generate a plot file or print directly to a plotter or printer. Set the necessary plot settings, such as paper size, scale, and plot style, before plotting.

Q63: What are the considerations for printing or plotting drawings in AutoCAD, such as scale and page setup?
Ans: When printing or plotting drawings in AutoCAD, consider the scale of the drawing, the desired paper size and orientation, plot style settings, and any specific printing requirements for accuracy and legibility.

Q64: What are orthographic views in drafting?
Ans: Orthographic views in drafting are two-dimensional representations of a three-dimensional object, showing the object from different directions (top, front, and side) without perspective.

Q65: How are orthographic views used in technical drawings?
Ans: Orthographic views are used in technical drawings to accurately represent the shape and dimensions of an object. They provide a detailed view of the object from multiple angles for clear understanding and communication.

Q66: What are the primary orthographic views used in drafting?
Ans: The primary orthographic views used in drafting are the top view (plan view), front view, and side view. These views collectively provide a complete representation of the object in three dimensions.

Q67: How do you create orthographic views from a 3D model in AutoCAD?
Ans: In AutoCAD, you can create orthographic views from a 3D model by using the VIEWBASE or VIEWBASE command. This command automatically generates the top, front, and side views based on the model geometry.

Q68: What is the purpose of dimensioning in orthographic views?
Ans: Dimensioning in orthographic views is used to indicate the size and location of features on the object accurately. It provides essential information for manufacturing, construction, and other applications.

Q69: How are hidden lines represented in orthographic views?
Ans: Hidden lines in orthographic views are represented using dashed or dotted lines. They are used to show features that are not visible from a particular view but exist on the object.

Q70: What is the significance of alignment in orthographic views?
Ans: Alignment in orthographic views ensures consistency and accuracy in the representation of the object. It ensures that corresponding views share the same reference points and align properly.

Q71: How do you determine the scale of orthographic views?
Ans: The scale of orthographic views is determined based on the desired level of detail and the available drawing space. It is commonly expressed as a ratio, such as 1:50 or 1/4" = 1'.

Q72: What is the purpose of auxiliary views in orthographic projections?
Ans: Auxiliary views in orthographic projections are used to represent inclined or oblique surfaces that are not visible or fully defined in the primary views. They provide a true representation of the inclined surface.

Q73: How are auxiliary views created in orthographic projections?
Ans: Auxiliary views are created by projecting the inclined or oblique surface onto a plane perpendicular to the inclined surface. This projection provides a true representation of the shape and size of the surface.

Q74: What are section views in orthographic drawings?
Ans: Section views in orthographic drawings are used to show the internal details of an object. They are created by cutting a portion of the object and showing the cut surface as a separate view.

Q75: How do you determine the placement of section views in orthographic drawings?
Ans: The placement of section views is determined based on the need to showcase specific internal details or features of the object. They are typically placed in a way that provides the clearest understanding of the object's internal structure.

Q76: What is the purpose of exploded views in orthographic drawings?
Ans: Exploded views in orthographic drawings are used to show the individual components of an assembly, separated from their original positions. This helps to understand the relationship and arrangement of the components.

Q77: How are dimensions aligned with orthographic views?
Ans: Dimensions in orthographic views are aligned parallel or perpendicular to the corresponding features of the object. This alignment ensures clarity and readability of the dimensions.

Q78: What is the significance of title blocks in orthographic drawings?
Ans: Title blocks in orthographic drawings contain important information about the drawing, such as the title, scale, date, and author. They provide context and reference for the drawing.

Q79: How can you create multiple orthographic views in a drawing using AutoCAD?
Ans: In AutoCAD, you can create multiple orthographic views by using the VIEWBASE or VIEWBASE command to generate the desired views based on the 3D model. You can then arrange and annotate the views as needed.

Q80: What are the advantages of using orthographic views in technical drawings?
Ans: Some advantages of using orthographic views in technical drawings include accurate representation of object shape and dimensions, clear communication of design intent, and ease of understanding for manufacturing and construction purposes.

Q81: How can you ensure consistency and accuracy in orthographic views?
Ans: To ensure consistency and accuracy in orthographic views, use appropriate drafting standards, align reference points and dimensions, maintain proper scale, and double-check for errors or inconsistencies.

Q82: What are the common challenges faced when creating orthographic views?
Ans: Some common challenges include visualizing the object in multiple views, managing hidden lines and section views, ensuring proper alignment and scale, and accurately representing complex or irregular shapes.

Q83: How do orthographic views differ from isometric or perspective views?
Ans: Orthographic views show the object from distinct directions without any distortion or foreshortening, while isometric or perspective views provide a more realistic representation with depth and foreshortening.

Q84: What is an auxiliary view in drafting?
Ans: An auxiliary view in drafting is a 2D projection of an inclined or oblique surface that shows the true shape and size of that surface.

Q85: When is an auxiliary view used in technical drawings?
Ans: An auxiliary view is used in technical drawings when there is a need to represent inclined or oblique surfaces accurately, especially when they are not fully visible or defined in the primary views.

Q86: How is an auxiliary view created in AutoCAD?
Ans: In AutoCAD, an auxiliary view can be created by projecting the inclined or oblique surface onto a plane that is perpendicular to that surface.

Q87: What are the key elements of an auxiliary view?
Ans: The key elements of an auxiliary view include the projection line, the true length line, and the inclined or oblique surface itself.

Q88: How is the projection line determined in an auxiliary view?
Ans: The projection line in an auxiliary view is determined by extending lines from specific points on the inclined or oblique surface perpendicular to the viewing plane.

Q89: What is the purpose of a true length line in an auxiliary view?
Ans: The true length line in an auxiliary view represents the true length of a line or edge on the inclined or oblique surface.

Q90: How is the true length line determined in an auxiliary view?
Ans: The true length line is determined by measuring the distance along the inclined or oblique surface and projecting it onto the auxiliary view.

Q91: What is the relationship between the auxiliary view and the primary views?
Ans: The auxiliary view is aligned and coordinated with the primary views to provide a complete and accurate representation of the object's features and dimensions.

Q92: How can you identify hidden lines in an auxiliary view?
Ans: Hidden lines in an auxiliary view are shown using dashed or dotted lines to differentiate them from visible lines.

Q93: How can you dimension features in an auxiliary view?
Ans: Dimensions in an auxiliary view are placed parallel or perpendicular to the corresponding features on the inclined or oblique surface.

Q94: What are some common applications of auxiliary views?
Ans: Auxiliary views are commonly used in technical drawings to represent inclined or oblique surfaces, show the true shape and size of features, and provide accurate information for manufacturing and construction.

Q95: How can you ensure the accuracy of an auxiliary view?
Ans: To ensure accuracy, it is important to align the auxiliary view correctly with the primary views, accurately project the inclined or oblique surface, and verify the dimensions and relationships of the features.

Q96: What are the advantages of using auxiliary views in technical drawings?
Ans: Some advantages of using auxiliary views include the ability to accurately represent inclined or oblique surfaces, provide clear information about true shapes and sizes, and aid in the understanding and visualization of complex objects.

Q97: How can you create multiple auxiliary views in a drawing using AutoCAD?
Ans: In AutoCAD, multiple auxiliary views can be created by projecting different inclined or oblique surfaces onto separate perpendicular planes, aligning them with the primary views as needed.

Q98: What are some challenges faced when creating auxiliary views?
Ans: Some challenges include visualizing and projecting the inclined or oblique surface accurately, ensuring proper alignment with the primary views, and managing the representation of hidden lines and features.

Q99: Can auxiliary views be used to represent curved surfaces?
Ans: Yes, auxiliary views can be used to represent curved surfaces by projecting points or lines from the curved surface onto the auxiliary view plane.

Q100: How can you label and annotate features in an auxiliary view?
Ans: Features in an auxiliary view can be labeled and annotated using dimensions, notes, or symbols to provide clear and concise information about their characteristics.

Q101: Are auxiliary views always necessary in technical drawings?
Ans: Auxiliary views are not always necessary, but they are used when there is a need to accurately represent inclined or oblique surfaces that cannot be adequately described in the primary views.

Q102: What considerations should be taken when placing an auxiliary view in a drawing?
Ans: The placement of an auxiliary view should be such that it provides the most accurate and informative representation of the inclined or oblique surface, while still maintaining clarity and readability within the drawing.

Q103: How can you adjust the scale of an auxiliary view in AutoCAD?
Ans: The scale of an auxiliary view can be adjusted by setting the appropriate annotation scale and ensuring that the dimensions and symbols are proportionate to the actual size of the features. 

Comments

Recent posts

Fluid mechanics VIVA QUESTIONS and ANSWERS

1. Define density? Ans: It is defined as the ratio of mass per unit volume of the fluid. 2. Define viscosity? Ans: It is defined as the property of fluid which offers resistance to the movement of fluid over another adjacent layer of the fluid. 3. Differentiate between real fluids and ideal fluids? Ans: A fluid, which is in-compressible and is having no viscosity, is known as ideal fluid while the fluid, which possesses viscosity, is known as real fluid. 4. What is a venturimeter? Ans: It is a device which is used for measuring the rate of flow of fluid flowing through pipe. 5. What is a notch? Ans: A notch is a device used for measuring the rate of flow of a fluid through a small channel or a tank. 6. Define buoyancy? Ans: When a body is immersed in a fluid, an upward force is exerted by the fluid on the body. This upward force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. 7. Define meta-centre? Ans: It is defined as the point about which a body

sheet metal rectangular tray making

Aim :- To make a rectangular tray from a given metallic sheet. Tools Required MALLET Snip Stake STEEL RULE Ball peen HAMMER Straight EDGE RIVETS Scriber Procedure The given metal sheet is smoothed using mallet. The measurements of rectangular tray (tray development drawing) is drawn on the sheet with given dimensions using the scriber and steel rule. The sheet is cut as per the marked dimensions by straight snips. Fold or bend as per the given order using mallet and stake. Bending is done as per the given dimension using the stake and mallet. Rivet the folded sheet by using the given rivets and hammer. Safety Precautions Each cut you make exposes sharp edges and creates burrs that can slice a finger. Must Use Hand gloves when cutting the sheet. Metal waste also has hazardous edges. So

Welding VIVA question and answers

VIVA QUESTIONS : Q1: Define welding? Ans:  Welding is a fabrication process that joins two or more materials, typically metals or thermoplastics, by melting and fusing them together using heat or pressure. Q2: What is the typical thickness of MS Plate used in general welding workshop experiments? Ans:  The thickness of the MS (Mild Steel) plate used in general welding workshop experiments can vary depending on the specific requirements of the experiment. However, commonly used thicknesses range from 3 mm to 12 mm. Q3: What is the common job material used in welding experiments? Ans:  The common job material used in welding experiments is mild steel. It is widely available, affordable, and relatively easy to work with, making it suitable for various welding applications and practice. Q4: What is the main function of an electrode in welding? Ans:  The main function of an electrode in welding is to carry the electric current necessary for the welding process and to provide filler mate

TIN SMITHY & Sheet metal

TIN SMITHY Introduction : Many engineering and house articles such as boxes, cans, funnels, ducts etc. are made from a flat sheet of metal. The process being known as tin smithy. For this the development of the article is first drawn on the sheet metal, then cut and folded, to form the required shape of the article. Allowance should be given in the drawing stage for folding and bending. This allowance depends upon the radius of the bend and thickness of the sheet metal. Sheet Metal Materials : A variety of metals are used in a sheet metal shop such as galvanized Iron, black, Iron, tin, Stainless Steel, copper and Aluminium. Hand Tools : The common hand tools used in sheet metal work are steel, try square, Wire gauge, Scriber, Ball peen hammer, Nylon Mallet, Snips Divider, Stakes, Cutting plier and Soldering Iron. Here, the details of tools that are being equipped by our workshop purpose only are presented. Wire Gauge: The thickness of sheet is referred in numbers known

Welding-LAP JOINT

Ex. No :                                                                              Date : LAP JOINT Aim To join the given two work pieces as a lap joint by arc welding. Material used Mild Steel plates. Tools required Welding power supply  Flat file Welding rod Chipping hammer Electrode holder Wire brush Gloves and apron Earthing clamps Shield and goggles Procedure The given workpieces are thoroughly cleaned, i.e. rust, scales are removed and the  edges are filed. The electrode is held in an electrode holder and ground clamp is clamped to the  welding plates and the power is supplied. The workpieces are positioned on the table to form a “Lab joint”. The tag weld is done on the both the ends of joining plates to avoid the movement of  workpieces during welding. The welding is carried throughout the length of the workpieces on both sides by  maintaining 3mm gap between plates and the welding rod. The welded plates are allowed f

Carpentry Viva Questions

Q1: Define carpentry? Ans:  Carpentry is a skilled trade that involves working with wood to construct, install, and repair structures and objects. It encompasses various tasks such as measuring, cutting, shaping, joining, and finishing wood to create functional and aesthetically pleasing products. Q2: What are the various types of wood material used in carpentry? Ans:  The various types of wood materials used in carpentry include softwoods (such as pine, fir, cedar, and spruce) and hardwoods (such as oak, maple, mahogany, and walnut). Other wood materials used in carpentry can include plywood, particleboard, MDF (medium-density fiberboard), and engineered wood products like laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and oriented strand board (OSB). Q3: What is the sequence of operations in carpentry? Ans:  The sequence of operations in carpentry typically involves planning and design, material selection and preparation, measuring and marking, cutting and shaping, joinery or fastening, assembly,

Coordinate systems in AutoCAD

World Coordinate System (WCS), User Coordinate System (UCS). There is 4 AutoCAD coordinates system you should know. Absolute coordinate system , Relative Rectangular coordinate system, Relative Polar coordinate system and Interactive system(Direct coordinate system). Absolute Coordinate system: Absolute Coordinates uses the Cartesian System to specify a position in the X, Y, and (if needed) Z axes to locate a point from the 0-X, 0-Y, and 0-Z (0,0,0) point. To locate a point using the Absolute Coordinate system, type the X-value, Y-value, and, if needed, the Z-value separated by commas (with no spaces). Syn: Enter LINE command: L [Enter] Start line at point A: 0,0 [Enter] End first line at point B: 2,2 [Enter] End of second line at point C: 2,3 [Enter] Examples shown bellow. Relative Rectangular Coordinate system: After first points entered, your next points can be entered by specifying the next coordinate compare/relative f

SINGLE ‘V’ BUTT JOINT

Experiment No.:                                                                                      Date: SINGLE ‘V’ BUTT JOINT Aim: To prepare a single ‘V’ Butt Joint as per dimensions given in the sketch. Material Required: Mild Steel plates: 80mm X 40mm X 6mm = 2 Nos Mild Steel electrode ¢ 3.15 mm Equipment required: A.C. Transformer with all welding accessories like Electrode holder, cables. Tool Required: Steel rule 300mm  Scriber 150mm Flat file 300mm Try square 200mm Flat Tong 450mm  Chipping hammer 200mm Ball peen hammer 750mm  Wire brush Welding screen Sequence of Operations: 1. Marking  2. Filing  3. Welding  4. Finishing Procedure: Take two Mild steel plates of size 80mm X 40mm X 6mm. Fix the work pieces one by one in bench vice and file the faces of work pieces using flat file as per dimensions. Then mark the pieces using steel rule and scriber as per drawing. Again fix the work pieces one by one in bench vice and file the pieces to

FACING, PLAIN TURNING AND STEP TURNING

Ex. No :                                                                                                          Date : FACING, PLAIN TURNING AND STEP TURNING Aim                       To perform turning, facing and chamfering on a cylindrical work piece. Material used                       Mild steel cylindrical rod. Tools required Lathe Three-jaw chuck Chuck key Vernier caliper Single-point cutting tool Procedure First loosen the jaw in the chuck key to position the work piece, and then tighten the  jaws. Fix the cutting tool in the toolpost. Switch on the lathe and move the carriage near to the workpiece. Give it a small cross  feed, and then move carriage longitudinally to the required length slowly. Bring the carriage to the original position, give a small cross feed and move carriage  longitudinally. Repeat this step until required diameter is obtained. To get smooth surface give a very small feed when the diameter is nearing

Mortise & Tenon Joint

Experiment No:                                                                         Date: <Following Joint Name> Aim : To prepare a Following Joint as per dimensions given in sketch. Material Required:  Teak wood 300mm X 45mm X 35mm Tools Required: 1. Steel rule 300mm 2. Handsaw 300mm 3. Wooden jack plane 450mm 4. Try square 200mm 5. Marking gauge 200mm 6. C-Clamp 200mm 7. Firmer chisel 150mm 8. Adze 150mm Sequence of Operations: 1. Marking 2. Planning 3. Cutting 4. Setting Procedure: Select a teak wood material and mark the size as per drawing with the help of marking tools like steel rule, marking gauge, try square. Planning of sides with the help of wooden jackplane to maintain the required dimensions. Fix the work piece in carpentry vice and cut into two equal pieces of size 150mm X 30mm with the help of handsaw. Mark the two work pieces for male cutting and groove cutting as per dimensions. Fix the work pieces one by one on the bench with the

Search This Blog